Defeat of the Ottoman Empire: Siege of Gran - stock illustration

The Battle of Gran was a military conflict on August 16, 1685 between the armies of the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire during the Great Turkish War (1683–1699). The battle near the present-day town of Esztergom (Gran) ended with the defeat of the Ottoman troops. The Great Turkish War between the Holy League of European Powers and the Ottoman Empire, also known as the Great Turkish War of Leopold I or the 5th Austrian Turkish War, lasted from 1683 to 1699. Under its new Grand Vizier and Commander-in-Chief Kara Mustafa, the Ottoman Empire tried for the second time in 1683 (after the first Turkish siege of Vienna in 1529) to conquer the imperial city of Vienna and to open the gate to Central Europe. The failure of this siege led to the imperial counter-offensive, in the course of which the Ottomans were expelled from the territory of the Kingdom of Hungary and the tripartite division of Hungary in favor of the Habsburgs came to an end. Illustration from 19th century.